Welcome to Multiverse Beans

By entering this website you agree that you are at least 21 years of age.

Skip navigation

Temperature & Humidity Control

Greg the Alien is here and at it again!  Sunlight and grow lights provide vital light for your cannabis plants to grow from seedling to harvest. These light sources can also add a lot of heat and humidity to any outdoor or indoor grow. Controlling and managing temperature and humidity effectively will ultimately impact the quality and quantity of your final harvest

Humanoid scientific studies have done their best to confirm the ideal range for both, but there is no clear consensus due to several different variables [1]. However, finding a comfort zone for optimal conditions can still be manageable with the right environment and equipment. Whether you’re growing feminized cannabis seeds, autoflower seeds, or high-THC strains, managing your environment is one of the biggest factors in maximizing yield and potency.

What Impacts Do Temperature & Humidity Have on Cannabis Plants?

Cannabis plant development depends on optimal temperature and humidity to process numerous internal functions vital for success. Learning how to manipulate both factors makes the difference between a high-quality, bountiful harvest and a cannabis plant full of bud rot and underdeveloped flower buds. Temperature and humidity control issues in either extreme range are important to control; however, so are air circulation and ventilation. This is especially true when growing premium cannabis genetics in controlled indoor settings.

Too High & Too Low Temperatures Do a Lot of Damage

Temperatures that are higher than the average range affect plant development by creating weaker buds in both potency and overall appeal. When I get too close to the sun in my spaceship, it can make me sweat and feel stressed—your weed plants aren’t any different!

High temperatures can create heat stress, which affects plant, terpene, and cannabinoid development and potency, while also causing nutrient burn and root rot. Low temperatures also slow down plant growth and create an environment for harmful mold, mildew, and bud rot. Growers working with rare cannabis strains or CBD-rich cultivars may find these temperature swings especially damaging.

Excessively High & Low Humidity Also Affects Cannabis Plants

Transpiration is essentially the process by which your cannabis plant sweats during development. It’s an essential process for photosynthesis and for moving nutrients and water from the roots to the rest of the plant while cooling it down. However, a major side effect is that a good amount of water vapor gets put back into the air as a result, causing increased humidity in a grow room or tent. [2]

Cannabis plants with excessive humidity have insufficient transpiration, which can lead to root issues, mold, mildew, and other plant diseases. Low humidity is often responsible for nutrient burn due to excessive water evaporation from leaves. This is why indoor growers who source their seeds from a reputable cannabis seed bank should also invest in quality ventilation systems to protect their genetics.

Improving Outdoor Air Circulation & Ventilation

Growing cannabis outdoors can be an advantage due to the natural breeze and open space that allow for optimal air circulation and ventilation, which are essential for plant development. However, some geographical regions can be too stagnant and just plain hot. Try some of the techniques below to achieve optimal results.

Proper Spacing 

Space your plants away from each other properly, so as not to overcrowd the grow area with too many transpiring plants not getting enough individual airflow. Be aware of the specifications of the specific strains you’re growing to space them correctly for all growth phases. This becomes especially important when cultivating large crops from bulk cannabis seeds.

Direct or create more optimal airflow naturally where open breezes occur, and there’s nothing in the way to block them. Create enough of a gap between all plants to avoid any issues.

Use Fans Outdoors

Circulation fans aren’t just an indoor grow tool; they can also be used outdoors. Install oscillating fans to create a gentle breeze that keeps your plant foliage dry, thereby reducing the risk of mold and mildew issues. This can help ensure the success of outdoor cannabis seeds, especially in humid regions.

Growing in A Greenhouse

Use a greenhouse to maintain temperature, humidity, and proper ventilation, free of the often-overwhelming elements of the great outdoors. Keep doors and windows open for a steady exchange of fresh air. 

Prune and Maintain

Proper air flow and ventilation can often be thwarted simply by the very plant you are growing. When a plant has too thick and dense foliage, it’s necessary to prune and remove the excess. This will improve how air can circulate and be ventilated around your plants and grow area, while also helping to reduce moisture and humidity. 

Improving Indoor Air Circulation & Ventilation

When growing indoors, avoiding mold, mildew, and a host of other detrimental plant diseases can be greatly achieved by maintaining proper air circulation and ventilation. This often requires additional equipment and costs on top of what you already have running in your grow setup. Indoor growers working with fast-flowering cannabis seeds or high-yield strains may find these investments essential for success.

Exhaust, Intake, and Oscillating Fans

As a crucial piece of indoor grow equipment, fans remove stagnant humid air while introducing fresh air and improved circulation. All of these fans, in conjunction with some ventilation ducts, will make a dramatic difference in maintaining proper temperature and humidity levels indoors.

  • Exhaust fans work in coordination with ventilation systems to remove stale air from the tent or grow room, which leads to increased levels and mold and mildew. Hot air rises, so placing exhaust fans at the top of wherever you grow is recommended. 
  • Intake fans should be placed opposite exhaust fans so they can provide fresh, new air to the indoor environment via intake valves and ports.
  • Oscillating fans efficiently circulate and distribute oxygen, CO2, temperature, and humidity. This type of equipment also creates better airflow throughout the entire plant structure and canopy. 

What Are The Proper Temperature & Humidity Levels for Cannabis Plants?

Cannabis plants rely on different temperature and humidity ranges according to several different factors. Understanding how these affect your plant’s specific needs will greatly impact your success as a grower. Indoor and outdoor grows also have different variables to control—some are listed below; however, keeping everything within range is doable for both.

  • Geographical region: Areas with extreme temperatures and humidity will tend to create excessive condensation for outdoor grows, leading to mold and stress unless the grower can mitigate with techniques like tarping and using a greenhouse. [3]
  • Strain: Sativa and sativa-dominant strains are often able to handle high heat because they originate from warmer, equatorial climates. Indica strains don’t always manage excessive heat as well. Regardless of type, certain strains can adapt better than others, so be aware of the limitations and potential of each cannabis seed and strain you wish to grow. Autoflower strains are often hardier and can handle a little bit more stress from too high or too low temperatures due to their Cannabis ruderalis lineage.
  • Development stage: As your cannabis plant develops, it has different needs in each phase. Seedling, vegetative, early flowering, and late flowering cycles are most successful when growers home in on the right temperature and humidity ranges for both. These variations are often able to be controlled most by indoor growers specifically.  

Outdoor Cannabis Plant Temperature & Humidity Levels

Okay, so you’ve probably been thinking to yourself, when is this little green SOB gonna finally say what the ideal temperature and humidity levels should be? For outdoor growers, much of the outcome is directly related to the geographical climate. 

If you’re growing outdoors in a humid region like most of the East Coast, you’re going to have to make RH adjustments. The same thing goes for the PNW–be prepared for levels that can contribute heavily to mold and mildew. Desert environments are arid and dry and can use the aid of a greenhouse to help manage conditions and pests like spider mites

  • Outdoor Temperature – Seedling-to-Harvest
    • No Greenhouse: 77–86°F (higher range for seedlings)
    • In Greenhouse: 68-70°F 
  • Outdoor Humidity (Greenhouse & No Greenhouse)
    • Seedling: 75% RH
    • Vegetative: 55-60% RH
    • Flowering: 55-60% RH [4][5]

Mitigate the elements of the outdoors with a greenhouse or plant covers. You can also use an overhead tarp to keep moisture under control from morning dew, excessive heat, and torrential downpours when necessary. 

Indoor Cannabis Plant Temperature & Humidity Levels

Researchers still have a lot of work to do when it comes to cannabis cultivation-based studies. Currently, there are only a few humanoid peer-reviewed studies that confirm the ideal indoor growing temperatures by stage. On the other hand, every single humanoid weed grower, big or small, has their specific ranges and preferences for their grows that they think are ideal. 

To straddle the line of science and experience, I have included ranges according to researchers and ranges according to cultivation and light systems pros. I think it’s important to understand what growers versed in just how much grow lights add heat and stress to the environment think the adjusted ranges should be as well.  

Understanding Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD)

Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) is a factor that measures the rate at which plants transpire and how much moisture the air can still hold. By calculating the VPD, growers can ensure their plants are not only getting ideal temperature and humidity levels but also optimal results with the following:

  • Water retention
  • Water uptake
  • Nutrient metabolism
  • Development rate
  • Mold and mildew resistance
  • Photosynthesis

VPD is calculated by measuring air temperature, leaf temperature, and relative humidity levels in an indoor environment. Overly humid air that contains a lot of water equals low VPD, while dry air that can hold even more moisture equates with high VPD. 

Adding more humidity to a grow space will lower VPD, while lowering it raises VPD. Increasing temperature raises VPD, while lowering it lowers the VPD level. Circulation and ventilation equipment like that described for outdoor growing is also crucial to indoor growers navigating extremes in both ranges. [6]

Indoor Humidity and Temperature Ranges According to Researchers

Several cannabis researchers have reported a few slightly different windows of efficiency for temperature and humidity levels when growing cannabis plants. It’s up to you to be the judge of which ranges work for you and the specific strains and region you are growing in. 

Some of these ranges are not as specific (day levels vs night levels), but according to researchers, growers should keep temperature and humidity levels in the following ranges for optimal VPD. 

Seedling

  • Temperature: 70-83°F
  • Humidity: 75% RH 

Vegetative Stage

  • Temperature: 77-86°F 
  • Humidity: 55-60% RH

Flowering

  • Temperature: 77-86°F (sativas rely on the higher end of the range)
  • Humidity: 55-60% RH

Indoor Humidity and Temperature Ranges According to Industry Experts

According to Spider Farmer, an indoor cultivation household name, home growers should try to zero in on the following ranges and humidity for each development phase.

Seedling

  • Daytime Temperature: 70-85°F 
  • Nighttime Temperature: 65-80°F 
  • Humidity: 75-85% RH (higher RH helps with vital moisture retention)

Vegetative Stage

  • Daytime Temperature: 70-85°F 
  • Nighttime Temperature: 60-75°F 
  • Humidity: 45-55% RH (decreased RH helps with preventing mold & mildew)

Early Flowering Stage

  • Daytime Temperature: 65-84°F 
  • Nighttime Temperature: 60-75°F 
  • Humidity: 35-45% RH 

Late Flowering Stage

  • Daytime Temperature: 64-75°F
  • Night Temperature: 60-68°F
  • Humidity: 30-40% RH [3][4][6]

Lower Nighttime Temperatures Help Flower Development & Quality

Dropping the temperature a few degrees at night provides a signal to your plants that the cooler overnight temperatures of autumn are on the way. This signal naturally occurs with outdoor grows, and helps indoor grows with flower, trichome, terpenes, color, and cannabinoid development. Lower nighttime temperatures also give your plants a rest while facilitating the metabolization of carbohydrates crucial to plant health. [7]

Use the Right Equipment for Optimal Temperature & Humidity Environments

On top of implementing quality air circulation and ventilation equipment already discussed for outdoor use, such as fans and exhaust systems, there are a few other ways to stay on top of your indoor levels.

Hygrometers and digital humidity controllers are crucial for monitoring and adjusting humidity levels. Humidity controllers can automatically adjust your indoor grow space in conjunction with a humidifier/dehumidifier. Adjusting watering practices to avoid overwatering and excess moisture keeps humidity levels lower, while running your grow lights at night can help reduce extra heat in the grow area as well. Like outdoor plants, proper spacing and upkeep of pruning on your indoor plants will help with air circulation and lower humidity immensely.

Contact Multiverse

Paying attention to your levels and ensuring your environment has what it needs to maintain balance and be successful is paramount in navigating the spectrum of potential that temperature and humidity bring to every grow. Understanding and applying many of these concepts to newer growers can be tricky, so always feel free to reach out to Uncle Paulie and the grow experts at Multiverse Beans with any of your indoor/outdoor temperature and humidity control questions!

References

  1. Holweg, M. M. S. F., Curren, T., Cravino, A., Kaiser, E., Kappers, I. F., Heuvelink, E., & Marcelis, L. F. M. (2025). High air temperature reduces plant specialized metabolite yield in medical cannabis, and has genotype-specific effects on inflorescence dry matter production. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 230, 106085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106085
  2. Medina, S., Vicente, R., Nieto-Taladriz, M. T., Aparicio, N., Chairi, F., Vergara-Diaz, O., & Araus, J. L. (2019). The plant-transpiration response to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in durum wheat is associated with differential yield performance and specific expression of genes involved in primary metabolism and water transport. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1994. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01994
  3. Vernon, M., Kouzani, A. Z., Webb, L. D., & Adams, S. D. (2023). A survey of modern greenhouse technologies and practices for commercial cannabis cultivation. IEEE Access, 11, 62077–62090. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3285242
  4. Chandra, S., Lata, H., Khan, I. A., & ElSohly, M. A. (2012). The role of biotechnology in Cannabis sativa propagation for the production of phytocannabinoids. In S. Chandra, H. Lata, & M. A. ElSohly (Eds.), Biotechnology for medicinal plants (pp. 123–148). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29974-2_7
  5. Bilodeau, S. E., Wu, B.-S., Rufyikiri, A.-S., MacPherson, S., & Lefsrud, M. (2019). An update on plant photobiology and implications for cannabis production. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 296. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00296
  6. Jin, D., Jin, S., & Chen, J. (2019). Cannabis indoor growing conditions, management practices, and post-harvest treatment: A review. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 10(6), 925–946. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2019.106067
  7. Bok, G., Hahm, S., Shin, J., & Park, J. (2023). Optimizing indoor hemp cultivation efficiency through differential day–night temperature treatment. Agronomy, 13(10), 2636. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102636